GPS coordinates location and other iOS metadata in MOV are not copied to output MP4

[elmimmo]

Summary of the bug:

Certain metadata in MOV files recorded with iOS devices, such as GPS location, is lost when converting to MP4.

ffmpeg does state in its log that the output file will contain such metadata, but such is not the case as identified with ffprobe and exiftool.

Some of the metadata present in the input MOV that is missing in the output MP4, according to ffprobe:

• make ("Apple")
• encoder
• location (GPS latitude/longitude/altitude coordinates)
• model (the iPhone/iPad/iPod model)

exiftool identifies some more:

• camera identifier ("Back" or "Front")
• Software Version (iOS version)

This happens irrespective of input video/audio being transcoded or just repackaged.

How to reproduce:

% ffmpeg -i INPUT.mov -map_metadata 0 -c copy OUTPUT.mp4
ffmpeg version 2.5.2 Copyright (c) 2000-2014 the FFmpeg developers
  built on Dec 26 2014 21:55:58 with Apple LLVM version 4.2 (clang-425.0.28) (based on LLVM 3.2svn)
  configuration: --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/2.5.2 --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-hardcoded-tables --enable-avresample --cc=clang --host-cflags= --host-ldflags= --enable-libx264 --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libxvid --enable-libvo-aacenc --enable-vda
  libavutil      54. 15.100 / 54. 15.100
  libavcodec     56. 13.100 / 56. 13.100
  libavformat    56. 15.102 / 56. 15.102
  libavdevice    56.  3.100 / 56.  3.100
  libavfilter     5.  2.103 /  5.  2.103
  libavresample   2.  1.  0 /  2.  1.  0
  libswscale      3.  1.101 /  3.  1.101
  libswresample   1.  1.100 /  1.  1.100
  libpostproc    53.  3.100 / 53.  3.100
Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'INPUT.mov':
  Metadata:
    major_brand     : qt  
    minor_version   : 0
    compatible_brands: qt  
    creation_time   : 2014-12-26 20:54:22
    model           : iPhone 4
    model-spa       : iPhone 4
    encoder         : 7.1.1
    encoder-spa     : 7.1.1
    date            : 2014-12-26T21:54:22+0100
    date-spa        : 2014-12-26T21:54:22+0100
    location        : +41.4082+002.1852+027.119/
    location-spa    : +41.4082+002.1852+027.119/
    make            : Apple
    make-spa        : Apple
  Duration: 00:00:01.07, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 11694 kb/s
    Stream #0:0(und): Video: h264 (Baseline) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(tv, bt709), 1280x720, 11890 kb/s, 24 fps, 24 tbr, 600 tbn, 1200 tbc (default)
    Metadata:
      rotate          : 90
      creation_time   : 2014-12-26 20:54:22
      handler_name    : Core Media Data Handler
      encoder         : H.264
    Side data:
      displaymatrix: rotation of -90.00 degrees
    Stream #0:1(und): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 44100 Hz, mono, fltp, 62 kb/s (default)
    Metadata:
      creation_time   : 2014-12-26 20:54:22
      handler_name    : Core Media Data Handler
Output #0, mp4, to 'OUTPUT.mp4':
  Metadata:
    major_brand     : qt  
    minor_version   : 0
    compatible_brands: qt  
    creation_time   : 2014-12-26 20:54:22
    model           : iPhone 4
    model-spa       : iPhone 4
    make-spa        : Apple
    encoder         : Lavf56.15.102
    date            : 2014-12-26T21:54:22+0100
    date-spa        : 2014-12-26T21:54:22+0100
    location        : +41.4082+002.1852+027.119/
    location-spa    : +41.4082+002.1852+027.119/
    make            : Apple
    Stream #0:0(und): Video: h264 ([33][0][0][0] / 0x0021), yuv420p, 1280x720, q=2-31, 11890 kb/s, 24 fps, 19200 tbn, 600 tbc (default)
    Metadata:
      rotate          : 90
      creation_time   : 2014-12-26 20:54:22
      handler_name    : Core Media Data Handler
      encoder         : H.264
    Side data:
      displaymatrix: rotation of -90.00 degrees
    Stream #0:1(und): Audio: aac ([64][0][0][0] / 0x0040), 44100 Hz, mono, 62 kb/s (default)
    Metadata:
      creation_time   : 2014-12-26 20:54:22
      handler_name    : Core Media Data Handler
Stream mapping:
  Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (copy)
  Stream #0:1 -> #0:1 (copy)
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
frame=   25 fps=0.0 q=-1.0 Lsize=    1522kB time=00:00:01.06 bitrate=11673.4kbits/s    
video:1512kB audio:8kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 0.123020%

[elmimmo]

ffprobe output of INPUT.mov

[elmimmo]

ffprobe output of OUTPUT.mp4

[elmimmo]

exiftool output of INPUT.mov

[elmimmo]

exiftool output of OUTPUT.mp4

[compn]

ffmpeg does copy over the individual jpeg metadata
when you use ffmpeg -i file.jpg -c copy new.jpg

it appears ffmpeg output is lying when it says it will copy the metadata.

looks like rotation is copied, create date is copied.

[Avi Alkalay]

Any chance for this to be fixed ?

Tags that are missing on videos are Create Date, GPS-related tags, video orientation, manufacturer and model, camera used (front or back).

[Avi Alkalay]

Output of 'exiftool -j' on a video file recorded on an iPhone

[tvolkert]

Another vote for this getting fixed!

[Carl Eugen Hoyos]

Is there any indication that the location ("\251xyz") atom is supported in isom (mp4)?
Do you have a mp4 file that shows location?

[tvolkert]

I'll try to attach an mp4 that has location that was taken with my Nexus 6 phone (file upload just failed, but I'll try again). My old Moto X produced similar mp4s. ffprobe produces the following:

Metadata:

major_brand : mp42
minor_version : 0
compatible_brands: isommp42
creation_time : 2015-07-22 15:30:16
location : +40.7920-73.8864/
location-eng : +40.7920-73.8864/

Duration: 00:00:01.05, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 14029 kb/s

Stream #0:0(eng): Video: h264 (Baseline) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p, 1280x720, 11705 kb/s, SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9, 29.99 fps, 30 tbr, 90k tbn, 180k tbc (default)
Metadata:

creation_time : 2015-07-22 15:30:16
handler_name : VideoHandle

Stream #0:1(eng): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 48000 Hz, mono, fltp, 96 kb/s (default)
Metadata:

creation_time : 2015-07-22 15:30:16
handler_name : SoundHandle

Note that that appears to *not* be using the "\251xyz" atom, but instead the "location" and "location-eng" atoms...

I also found other code that handles the extraction of the "\251xyz" atom, in case that validates its existence... ​https://code.google.com/p/android-source-browsing/source/browse/media/libstagefright/MPEG4Extractor.cpp?repo=platform--frameworks--base&name=ics-mr1&r=4d7bc65538c7cd9fbb1fbbcf22d1da47fcee1219#1141

[tvolkert]

Nexus 6 sample video with location info attached

[tvolkert]

Would there be any issue just passing through any metadata tags (including custom tags) found when using the -map_metadata? Then if the caller put invalid metadata tags in there and produced an unsupported mp4 file, it's their error (not the library's), and we don't have to enumerate the supported tags in code.

[Carl Eugen Hoyos]

The existing comments in movenc.c indicate that some applications have issues with random tags in isom files but imo feel free to send a patch.

[Avi Alkalay]

Here is a video recorded on my iPhone 5S that has geolocation embedded: ​http://avi.alkalay.net/clipboard/iPhone5S.m4v

I want to add more tracks to the video while cloning it and not losing the metadata:

ffmpeg -i iPhone5S.m4v -acodec copy -vcodec copy {parameters to add subtitles} iPhone5S.subtitled.m4v

Metadata would be maker and model, geo, orientation etc cited above.

[tvolkert]

Just attached a patch that adds the location ("\251xyz") atom in mp4. I've tested it by attaching the atom to a video and verifying that it plays on iOS, iTunes, Android video player, YouTube, QuickTime, and Google Photos.

[llogan]

Patches on the bug tracker are often forgotten and is not suitable for proper reviews. Patches should be sent to the ffmpeg-devel mailing list:

​http://ffmpeg.org/mailman/listinfo/ffmpeg-devel

[tvolkert]

Thanks - submitted the patch to ffmpeg-devel.

[Sendy]

Hi,
sadly this does not meet the "other iOS metadata" part of the bug description.
I also want to stress that this does concern ALL metadata tags from other devices / operating systems as well (e.g. the "com.android.version" on android devices which should also be kept for reference)!

[Facundo D]

I found that none of the Quicktime metadata is being copied either, losing GPS (and such) is not a good way to encode for archiving... :-/

[Gyan]

Adding -movflags use_metadata_tags will allow you to add and carry over custom metadata. ff* tools, at least, will show these tags in the output.

[Facundo D]

Replying to Gyan:

Adding -movflags use_metadata_tags will allow you to add and carry over custom metadata. ff* tools, at least, will show these tags in the output.

I just tested
%ffmpeg% -benchmark -i %input% -movflags use_metadata_tags -map_metadata 0:g -c:v libx264 -crf %video-encode% -c:a aac %output%

it did not copy

com.apple.quicktime.location.I : +40.6195-074.1643+005.201/
com.apple.quicktime.make       : Apple
com.apple.quicktime.model      : iPhone 7
com.apple.quicktime.software   : 12.1.1
com.apple.quicktime.creationda : 2018-11-21T16:47:56-0500

into output.

[Gyan]

Works here with INPUT.mov attached above. Share full log and input file.

[Facundo D]

Well, I did some testing, no trouble by using ffprobe. It does show as it should (information from source is copied to destination);

what I don't understand is why mpc-hc (media player home cinema) does show in file->properties->mediainfo with the source .mov and not the created .mp4. Is it possible that ffmpeg is not sticking to specifications and ffprobe either?

It might be a mpc-hc issue... :-/

[Gyan]

The muxer, when adding these non-standard metadata, does so under a child mdta box which these other apps bypass. I'll look into writing it at top-level udta, when I can.

[Facundo D]

cheers to that Gyan! :D

[Avi Alkalay]

I just tested with ffmpeg version 4.0.3 with an iPhone X HEVC video.
Command was simply:

ffmpeg -i IMG_9988.MOV -movflags use_metadata_tags -c copy aaaa.mov

I can see the original metadata on target file (GPS, model etc) with ffprobe:

    com.apple.quicktime.creationdate: 2018-11-28T17:47:53-0200
    com.apple.quicktime.location.ISO6709: -23.5424-046.6576/
    com.apple.quicktime.make: Apple
    com.apple.quicktime.model: iPhone X
    com.apple.quicktime.software: 12.1

But Apple stack doesn't show metadata on target file. Here is a screenshot showing on left the source and target on right:

I can provide sample video files if needed.

[kvasa]

This seems to be the issue - when you load the input and output files using AVFoundation (as AVAsset) and read the metadata, here is the difference:

Input:

   [...]
    <AVMetadataItem: 0x7fb602ef1ce0, identifier=mdta/com.apple.quicktime.location.ISO6709, keySpace=mdta, key class = __NSCFString, key=com.apple.quicktime.location.ISO6709, commonKey=location, extendedLanguageTag=(null), dataType=com.apple.metadata.datatype.UTF-8, time={INVALID}, duration={INVALID}, startDate=(null), extras={
    dataType = 1;
    dataTypeNamespace = "com.apple.quicktime.mdta";
}, value class=__NSCFString, value=+XX.6405-YY.8118+371.450/>
   [...]

Output file:

   [...]
   <AVMetadataItem: 0x7ff2d5217a50, identifier=itsk/%00%00%00%05, keySpace=itsk, key class = __NSCFNumber, key=, commonKey=(null), extendedLanguageTag=(null), dataType=com.apple.metadata.datatype.UTF-8, time={INVALID}, duration={INVALID}, startDate=(null), extras={
    dataType = 1;
    dataTypeNamespace = "com.apple.itunes";
}, value class=__NSCFString, value=+XX.6405-YY.8118+371.450/>
   [...]

Key differences:

• identifier is set to itsk/%00%00%00%05 (as it's the fifth metadata item), instead of copying the input identifier mdta/com.apple.quicktime.location.ISO6709
• namespace is set to com.apple.itunes instead of com.apple.quicktime.mdta

It is very likely that Apple requires the metadata items to be in the correct namespace, with the right identifier. I am not sure what is the exact issue as searching through FFmpeg source code, I can't find itsk or com.apple.itunes, so I am assuming that these get generated by AVFoundation if the correct value cannot be read...

[TimvW1984]

Any updates on this? When inspecting the video with exiftool, in my case the hierarchy of metadata is different. Could this be it? iOS stores GPS in Movie.Meta while FFmpeg stores this in Movie.UserData.Meta.

Setup

ffmpeg version 4.2.1 Copyright (c) 2000-2019 the FFmpeg developers
Exiftool version: 11.65

Original metadata

(GPS / datetime redacted)

exiftool -v <filename>
  Movie (SubDirectory) -->
  + [Movie directory]
  [...stuff...]
  | UserData (SubDirectory) -->
  | Unknown_free = 
  | Meta (SubDirectory) -->
  | + [Meta directory]
  | | Handler (SubDirectory) -->
  | | + [BinaryData directory, 26 bytes]
  | | | HandlerClass = 
  | | | HandlerType = mdta
  | | | HandlerVendorID = 
  | | | HandlerDescription = 
  | | Keys (SubDirectory) -->
  | | + [Keys directory]
  | | | Added ItemList Tag 1.1 = location.ISO6709
  | | | Added ItemList Tag 1.2 = make
  | | | Added ItemList Tag 1.3 = model
  | | | Added ItemList Tag 1.4 = software
  | | | Added ItemList Tag 1.5 = creationdate
  | | ItemList (SubDirectory) -->
  | | + [ItemList directory]
  | | | GPSCoordinates = +12.3456+001.2345+001.234/
  | | | Make = Apple
  | | | Model = iPhone 6s
  | | | Software = 13.1.3
  | | | CreationDate = 2019-11-02T01:23:45+0000
  | | Free = 
  | Unknown_free =  trex....... trex.... trex...v. trex...v.

Modified metadata

ffmpeg -i IMG_5585-orig.MOV -c:v libx264  -movflags use_metadata_tags -c:a libfdk_aac  IMG_5585-orig.MOV-x264_aac.mp4

(GPS / datetime redacted)

exiftool -v <filename>
  Movie (SubDirectory) -->
  + [Movie directory]
  [...stuff...]
  | UserData (SubDirectory) -->
  | + [UserData directory]
  | | Meta (SubDirectory) -->
  | | + [Meta directory]
  | | | Handler (SubDirectory) -->
  | | | + [BinaryData directory, 25 bytes]
  | | | | HandlerClass = 
  | | | | HandlerType = mdta
  | | | | HandlerVendorID = 
  | | | | HandlerDescription = 
  | | | Keys (SubDirectory) -->
  | | | + [Keys directory]
  | | | | Added ItemList Tag 1.1 = major_brand (Unknown)
  | | | | Added ItemList Tag 1.2 = minor_version (Unknown)
  | | | | Added ItemList Tag 1.3 = compatible_brands (Unknown)
  | | | | Added ItemList Tag 1.4 = creationdate
  | | | | Added ItemList Tag 1.5 = location.ISO6709
  | | | | Added ItemList Tag 1.6 = make
  | | | | Added ItemList Tag 1.7 = model
  | | | | Added ItemList Tag 1.8 = software
  | | | | Added ItemList Tag 1.9 = encoder (Unknown)
  | | | ItemList (SubDirectory) -->
  | | | + [ItemList directory]
  | | | | MajorBrand = qt  
  | | | | MinorVersion = 0
  | | | | CompatibleBrands = qt  
  | | | | CreationDate = 2019-11-02T01:23:45+0000
  | | | | GPSCoordinates = +12.3456+001.2345+001.234/
  | | | | Make = Apple
  | | | | Model = iPhone 6s
  | | | | Software = 13.1.3
  | | | | Encoder = Lavf58.29.100

[TimvW1984]

This issue is similar to ​https://trac.ffmpeg.org/ticket/6193, which also lists a manual work-around using mp4extract from ​https://www.bento4.com

[Oleksandr]

I faced the same issue as some users reported here: iOS doesn't show the location if media files were created by FFmpeg. After some analysis independently of TimvW1984, I've found where FFmpeg and iOS put their metadata tags:

FFmpeg: moov/udta/meta
iOS: moov/meta

so FFmpeg uses the improper location of the meta tag as already suggested by TimvW1984.

Furthermore, Apple's QuickTime specification [1] defines the correct location for the metadata tag:

Within a QuickTime file, metadata can be stored within a movie atom (‘moov’), a track atom (‘trak’) or a media atom (‘mdia’). Only one metadata atom is allowed for each location.

The current FFmpeg doesn't follow this specification and writes meta inside the udta atom[2].

From this, I can conclude: that is the cause why location metadata is not recognized by Apple's software.

[1]: ​https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/QuickTime/QTFF/Metadata/Metadata.html

[2]: ​https://git.ffmpeg.org/gitweb/ffmpeg.git/blob/refs/heads/release/5.0:/libavformat/movenc.c#l4054

[wywh]

ffmpeg does not correctly preserve Keys tags in movie metadata.

The problem is that the Keys tags are embedded in UserData atom which Apple's apps do not display.

​https://exiftool.org/forum/index.php?topic=15418.msg82847#msg82847

ffmpeg6 -i input.mp4 -c copy -movflags use_metadata_tags -map_metadata 0 output.mp4
ffmpeg version 6.1.1 Copyright (c) 2000-2023 the FFmpeg developers
  built with Apple clang version 15.0.0 (clang-1500.1.0.2.5)
  configuration: --cc=/usr/bin/clang --datadir=/opt/local/libexec/ffmpeg6/share/data --docdir=/opt/local/libexec/ffmpeg6/share/doc --progs-suffix=6 --prefix=/opt/local/libexec/ffmpeg6 --enable-audiotoolbox --disable-indev=jack --disable-libjack --disable-libopencore-amrnb --disable-libopencore-amrwb --disable-libxcb --disable-libxcb-shm --disable-libxcb-xfixes --disable-metal --disable-outdev=xv --enable-opencl --enable-sdl2 --disable-securetransport --enable-videotoolbox --disable-xlib --enable-avfilter --enable-fontconfig --enable-gnutls --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libdav1d --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libmodplug --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopus --enable-librsvg --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libzimg --enable-libzvbi --enable-lzma --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --enable-swscale --enable-zlib --enable-libaom --enable-libsvtav1 --arch=x86_64 --enable-x86asm --enable-gpl --enable-libvidstab --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxvid --enable-postproc
  libavutil      58. 29.100 / 58. 29.100
  libavcodec     60. 31.102 / 60. 31.102
  libavformat    60. 16.100 / 60. 16.100
  libavdevice    60.  3.100 / 60.  3.100
  libavfilter     9. 12.100 /  9. 12.100
  libswscale      7.  5.100 /  7.  5.100
  libswresample   4. 12.100 /  4. 12.100
  libpostproc    57.  3.100 / 57.  3.100
Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'input.mp4':
  Metadata:
    major_brand     : mp42
    minor_version   : 1
    compatible_brands: isommp41mp42
    creation_time   : 2005-05-05T09:05:05.000000Z
    com.apple.quicktime.author: Author
    com.apple.quicktime.creationdate: 2005-05-05T12:05:05+0300
    com.apple.quicktime.description: Description
    com.apple.quicktime.displayname: DisplayName
    com.apple.quicktime.encoder: Final Cut Pro 10.7
    com.apple.quicktime.keywords: Keywords 1,Keywords 2
    com.apple.quicktime.location.ISO6709: -36.6101-066.91515+119.900/
    com.apple.quicktime.location.name: LocationName
    com.apple.quicktime.rating.user: 3
    com.apple.quicktime.title: Title
  Duration: 00:00:04.00, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 2594 kb/s
  Stream #0:0[0x1](eng): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp, 133 kb/s (default)
    Metadata:
      handler_name    : Core Media Audio
      vendor_id       : [0][0][0][0]
  Stream #0:1[0x2](und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(tv, bt709, progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 2452 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbr, 25k tbn (default)
    Metadata:
      handler_name    : Core Media Video
      vendor_id       : [0][0][0][0]
Output #0, mp4, to 'output.mp4':
  Metadata:
    major_brand     : mp42
    minor_version   : 1
    compatible_brands: isommp41mp42
    creation_time   : 2005-05-05T09:05:05.000000Z
    com.apple.quicktime.author: Author
    com.apple.quicktime.creationdate: 2005-05-05T12:05:05+0300
    com.apple.quicktime.description: Description
    com.apple.quicktime.displayname: DisplayName
    com.apple.quicktime.encoder: Final Cut Pro 10.7
    com.apple.quicktime.keywords: Keywords 1,Keywords 2
    com.apple.quicktime.location.ISO6709: -36.6101-066.91515+119.900/
    com.apple.quicktime.location.name: LocationName
    com.apple.quicktime.rating.user: 3
    com.apple.quicktime.title: Title
    encoder         : Lavf60.16.100
  Stream #0:0(und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(tv, bt709, progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 2452 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbr, 25k tbn (default)
    Metadata:
      handler_name    : Core Media Video
      vendor_id       : [0][0][0][0]
  Stream #0:1(eng): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp, 133 kb/s (default)
    Metadata:
      handler_name    : Core Media Audio
      vendor_id       : [0][0][0][0]
Stream mapping:
  Stream #0:1 -> #0:0 (copy)
  Stream #0:0 -> #0:1 (copy)
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
[out#0/mp4 @ 0x7faf4dc16900] video:1197kB audio:66kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 0.366865%
size=    1268kB time=00:00:03.98 bitrate=2604.6kbits/s speed= 914x

output.mp4 has Keys tags embedded in UserData atom which Apple's apps do not display. exiftool -G5 switch reveals that difference (with -G1 the output seems identical):

exiftool -a -G5 -s -n -Keys:All .
======== ./input.mp4
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] Author                    : Author
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] CreationDate              : 2005:05:05 12:05:05+03:00
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] Description               : Description
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] DisplayName               : DisplayName
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] Encoder                   : Final Cut Pro 10.7
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] Keywords                  : Keywords 1,Keywords 2
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] GPSCoordinates            : -36.6101 -66.91515 119.9
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] LocationName              : LocationName
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] UserRating                : 3
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] Title                     : Title
======== ./output.mp4
[MOV-Movie-UserData-Meta-Keys] MajorBrand       : mp42
[MOV-Movie-UserData-Meta-Keys] MinorVersion     : 1
[MOV-Movie-UserData-Meta-Keys] CompatibleBrands : isommp41mp42
[MOV-Movie-UserData-Meta-Keys] CreationTime     : 2005:05:05 09:05:05.000000Z
[MOV-Movie-UserData-Meta-Keys] Author           : Author
[MOV-Movie-UserData-Meta-Keys] CreationDate     : 2005:05:05 12:05:05+03:00
[MOV-Movie-UserData-Meta-Keys] Description      : Description
[MOV-Movie-UserData-Meta-Keys] DisplayName      : DisplayName
[MOV-Movie-UserData-Meta-Keys] Encoder          : Final Cut Pro 10.7
[MOV-Movie-UserData-Meta-Keys] Keywords         : Keywords 1,Keywords 2
[MOV-Movie-UserData-Meta-Keys] GPSCoordinates   : -36.6101 -66.91515 119.9
[MOV-Movie-UserData-Meta-Keys] LocationName     : LocationName
[MOV-Movie-UserData-Meta-Keys] UserRating       : 3
[MOV-Movie-UserData-Meta-Keys] Title            : Title
[MOV-Movie-UserData-Meta-Keys] Encoder          : Lavf60.16.100

That can be fixed by rebuilding Keys tags with exiftool:

exiftool -m -overwrite_original -api LargeFileSupport=1 -Keys:All= -tagsFromFile @ -Keys:All output.mp4 
    1 image files updated

exiftool -a -G5 -s -n -Keys:All .                                                                      
======== ./input.mp4
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] Author                    : Author
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] CreationDate              : 2005:05:05 12:05:05+03:00
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] Description               : Description
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] DisplayName               : DisplayName
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] Encoder                   : Final Cut Pro 10.7
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] Keywords                  : Keywords 1,Keywords 2
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] GPSCoordinates            : -36.6101 -66.91515 119.9
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] LocationName              : LocationName
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] UserRating                : 3
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] Title                     : Title
======== ./output.mp4
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] Author                    : Author
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] CompatibleBrands          : isommp41mp42
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] CreationTime              : 2005:05:05 09:05:05.000000Z
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] CreationDate              : 2005:05:05 12:05:05+03:00
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] Description               : Description
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] DisplayName               : DisplayName
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] Encoder                   : Lavf60.16.100
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] Keywords                  : Keywords 1,Keywords 2
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] GPSCoordinates            : -36.6101 -66.91515 119.9
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] LocationName              : LocationName
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] MajorBrand                : mp42
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] MinorVersion              : 1
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] UserRating                : 3
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] Title                     : Title

After that Apple's apps can read Keys tags also in the ouput.mp4

[wywh]

In fact, ffmpeg copies Keys, UserData and ItemList tags to the same Keys tags embedded in UserData atom tags that Apple's apps do not display.

For example, ffmpeg copies Keys, UserData and ItemList GPS coordinate tags about the same way:

ffmpeg6 -i input.mp4 -c copy -movflags use_metadata_tags -map_metadata 0 output.mp4
ffmpeg version 6.1.1 Copyright (c) 2000-2023 the FFmpeg developers
  built with Apple clang version 15.0.0 (clang-1500.1.0.2.5)
  configuration: --cc=/usr/bin/clang --datadir=/opt/local/libexec/ffmpeg6/share/data --docdir=/opt/local/libexec/ffmpeg6/share/doc --progs-suffix=6 --prefix=/opt/local/libexec/ffmpeg6 --enable-audiotoolbox --disable-indev=jack --disable-libjack --disable-libopencore-amrnb --disable-libopencore-amrwb --disable-libxcb --disable-libxcb-shm --disable-libxcb-xfixes --disable-metal --disable-outdev=xv --enable-opencl --enable-sdl2 --disable-securetransport --enable-videotoolbox --disable-xlib --enable-avfilter --enable-fontconfig --enable-gnutls --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libdav1d --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libmodplug --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopus --enable-librsvg --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libzimg --enable-libzvbi --enable-lzma --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --enable-swscale --enable-zlib --enable-libaom --enable-libsvtav1 --arch=x86_64 --enable-x86asm --enable-gpl --enable-libvidstab --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxvid --enable-postproc
  libavutil      58. 29.100 / 58. 29.100
  libavcodec     60. 31.102 / 60. 31.102
  libavformat    60. 16.100 / 60. 16.100
  libavdevice    60.  3.100 / 60.  3.100
  libavfilter     9. 12.100 /  9. 12.100
  libswscale      7.  5.100 /  7.  5.100
  libswresample   4. 12.100 /  4. 12.100
  libpostproc    57.  3.100 / 57.  3.100
Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'input.mp4':
  Metadata:
    major_brand     : mp42
    minor_version   : 1
    compatible_brands: isommp41mp42
    creation_time   : 2005-05-05T09:05:05.000000Z
    location        : -36.6101-066.91515+119.900/
    location-eng    : -36.6101-066.91515+119.900/
    com.apple.quicktime.location.ISO6709: -36.6101-066.91515+119.900/
  Duration: 00:00:04.00, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 2593 kb/s
  Stream #0:0[0x1](eng): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp, 133 kb/s (default)
    Metadata:
      handler_name    : Core Media Audio
      vendor_id       : [0][0][0][0]
  Stream #0:1[0x2](und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(tv, bt709, progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 2452 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbr, 25k tbn (default)
    Metadata:
      handler_name    : Core Media Video
      vendor_id       : [0][0][0][0]
Output #0, mp4, to 'output.mp4':
  Metadata:
    major_brand     : mp42
    minor_version   : 1
    compatible_brands: isommp41mp42
    creation_time   : 2005-05-05T09:05:05.000000Z
    location        : -36.6101-066.91515+119.900/
    location-eng    : -36.6101-066.91515+119.900/
    com.apple.quicktime.location.ISO6709: -36.6101-066.91515+119.900/
    encoder         : Lavf60.16.100
  Stream #0:0(und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(tv, bt709, progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 2452 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbr, 25k tbn (default)
    Metadata:
      handler_name    : Core Media Video
      vendor_id       : [0][0][0][0]
  Stream #0:1(eng): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp, 133 kb/s (default)
    Metadata:
      handler_name    : Core Media Audio
      vendor_id       : [0][0][0][0]
Stream mapping:
  Stream #0:1 -> #0:0 (copy)
  Stream #0:0 -> #0:1 (copy)
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
[out#0/mp4 @ 0x7f85f801f4c0] video:1197kB audio:66kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 0.329143%
size=    1268kB time=00:00:03.98 bitrate=2603.7kbits/s speed=1.26e+03x

Keys, UserData and ItemList are all copied to Keys tags embedded in UserData atom 'MOV-Movie-UserData-Meta-Keys' which Apple's apps do not display. exiftool -G5 switch reveals that difference (output grouped as Keys-UserData-ItemList):

exiftool -a -G5 -s -n -api LargeFileSupport=1 -Keys:All -UserData:All -ItemList:All .
======== ./input.mp4
[MOV-Movie-Meta-Keys] GPSCoordinates            : -36.6101 -66.91515 119.9
[MOV-Movie-UserData] GPSCoordinates             : -36.6101 -66.91515 119.9
[MOV-Movie-UserData-Meta-ItemList] GPSCoordinates: -36.6101 -66.91515 119.9
======== ./output.mp4
[MOV-Movie-UserData-Meta-Keys] GPSCoordinates   : -36.6101 -66.91515 119.9

[MOV-Movie-UserData-Meta-Keys] Location         : -36.6101-066.91515+119.900/
[MOV-Movie-UserData-Meta-Keys] Location-eng     : -36.6101-066.91515+119.900/
[MOV-Movie-UserData] LocationInformation        : (none) Role=shooting Lat=-36.61009 Lon=-66.91515 Alt=119.90 Body=earth Notes=

[MOV-Movie-UserData-Meta-Keys] Location         : -36.6101-066.91515+119.900/
[MOV-Movie-UserData] LocationInformation        : (none) Role=shooting Lat=-36.61009 Lon=-66.91515 Alt=119.90 Body=earth Notes=

The same with exiftool G1 switch. ffmpeg adds those extra lines for UserData and ItemList GPS:

exiftool -a -G1 -s -n -api LargeFileSupport=1 -Keys:All -UserData:All -ItemList:All .
======== ./input.mp4
[Keys]          GPSCoordinates                  : -36.6101 -66.91515 119.9
[UserData]      GPSCoordinates                  : -36.6101 -66.91515 119.9
[ItemList]      GPSCoordinates                  : -36.6101 -66.91515 119.9
======== ./output.mp4
[Keys]          GPSCoordinates                  : -36.6101 -66.91515 119.9

[Keys]          Location                        : -36.6101-066.91515+119.900/
[Keys]          Location-eng                    : -36.6101-066.91515+119.900/
[UserData]      LocationInformation             : (none) Role=shooting Lat=-36.61009 Lon=-66.91515 Alt=119.90 Body=earth Notes=

[Keys]          Location                        : -36.6101-066.91515+119.900/
[UserData]      LocationInformation             : (none) Role=shooting Lat=-36.61009 Lon=-66.91515 Alt=119.90 Body=earth Notes=

p.s. Notice that Keys tags are actually stored inside the ItemList, so deleting the ItemList group as a block (i.e. -ItemList:All=) also deletes Keys tags. Instead, to preserve Keys tags the ItemList tags may be deleted individually with -QuickTime:ItemList:All=.

​https://exiftool.org/forum/index.php?topic=14491.msg78100#msg78100